What does "pietas" signify in Cicero's moral philosophy?

In Cicero's moral philosophy, "pietas" encompasses a broader concept than mere religious observance, which can often be limited to the idea of piety. Instead, "pietas" signifies a sense of duty and respect towards one's family, country, and the divine. It embodies a deep commitment to fulfilling one’s obligations within these relationships, suggesting a moral integrity that stems from an innate sense of responsibility.

In Cicero's framework, "pietas" is foundational for virtuous living, as it drives individuals to honor their commitments and act righteously. This concept plays a crucial role in the pursuit of the greater good, emphasizing social harmony and moral obligations that bind individuals to their communities and to the gods. Therefore, defining "pietas" strictly as piety captures its religious aspect but neglects the broader implications of duty and loyalty that are central to Cicero's moral thought.